Banana bunchy top disease and banana aphid -RTB

Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD), caused by Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), is the most destructive viral disease affecting banana production worldwide. In 2010, a survey was conducted in 20 locations across the Littoral and South Regions of Cameroon to assess the occurrence of BBTD and its associated insect vector, the banana aphid (Pentalonia nigronervosa). BBTD was detected in only two locations, with an average disease incidence of 45%. In contrast, banana aphids were observed in all 20 locations, although their abundance varied considerably among sites. Ants were also frequently associated with aphid colonies, tending them in a mutualistic relationship that enhances aphid survival and protection, thereby potentially facilitating the persistence and spread of BBTV. Effective management of BBTD relies on the use of virus-free planting material, early detection and removal of infected plants (roguing), control of banana aphid populations, and strict quarantine measures to prevent the movement of infected suckers between production areas.